What is the typical composition of refrigerant used in vapor-compression refrigeration systems?

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The typical composition of refrigerant used in vapor-compression refrigeration systems is primarily halocarbon compounds. Halocarbon refrigerants, such as R-22, R-134a, and R-410A, are specifically designed to efficiently absorb and release heat during the refrigeration cycle. These compounds have properties that allow them to change states from liquid to gas and back while functioning effectively within the pressures and temperatures required in refrigeration systems.

Halocarbons are favored because of their thermodynamic properties, which contribute to their effectiveness in heat transfer and energy efficiency. They are also less flammable and have a relatively low toxicity, making them safer options for use in various applications.

In contrast, water-based solutions do not typically function efficiently in vapor-compression systems due to their high boiling point and low cooling capacity. Hydrocarbons, while they can be used as refrigerants, are often limited due to flammability and safety concerns in certain applications. Air and moisture mixtures are not utilized as refrigerants in vapor-compression systems because they do not have the necessary thermodynamic characteristics and would lead to ice formation and other complications in the system.

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